Player Kills

25 Kills 100 Kills 500 Kills
     

Obtained by killing other players (PKing).
As you aquire these badges, new mark variants of the Rail Gun will become available to you.

Bus Killer  

Obtained by PKing (50x) while flying a bus.
Once you have aquire this badge you will be able to fly the EC-107 Bus Hunter. P.S. does not work in duels.

Hive Kills

10 Queens  

This badge is aquired by killing 10 Hive Queens.
Once you have aquired this badge you are able to purchase the Mega Positron Blaster.

Mining

Master
Prospector
 

Must complete all prospecting missions in each system. On average, there are 4 missions per system (120 in total).
Once aquired, you're able to use the High Density Mining Beam as well as the Advanced Mineral Scanner.

Mentor

Bronze, 5 Silver, 15 Gold, 40
     

To obtain the mentor badges you must become a mentor to other players. When your students have rated you "good" enough times you will receive a mentor badge.
Aquiring the bronze will get you a 5% discount to all goods sold by your faction stations; Silver will get you the Repair Module MkII; and the Gold will get you the Ultra Fast Charge Battery.

Trading

Trader  

This badge is obtained by completing a Trader Guild mission.
There is no known benefit to this badge, other then it's the first that everyone normally aquires.

Miscellaneous

Alpha Tester  
Beta Tester  

These badges indicate that an account was created during either the pre-beta or beta periods, respectively.